![]() ![]() Data adapted from a previous study by Ozgen et al. Pomological and phytonutrient characteristics of the pomegranate cultivars studied. ![]() A summary of these characteristics are presented in Table 1 to allow evaluation of possible correlations with the antimicrobial activities seen in this work. The pomological and antioxidant properties of the same pomegranate fruit samples used in this study were previously determined and published in Ozgen et al. We also aimed to evaluate the correlations between responses by microorganisms and pomological and phytonutrient properties such as total phenolic content (TP), total antioxidant capacity determined by TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). The goal of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of some of the new popular pomegranate cultivars grown in Turkey. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in determining antioxidant properties of red fruits, due to their rich dietary sources of antioxidant phenolics and anthocyanins. Melendez and Capriles have also reported that extracts from Punica granatum fruits possess strong in vitro antibacterial activity against many bacterial strains tested. showed that pomegranate extracts inhibit and delay Staphylococcus aureus growth and subsequent enterotoxin production at 0.01, 0.05 and 1% v/v concentrations. The antimicrobial activity of some of the common pomegranate cultivars has also been studied. Pomegranate extracts have been shown to be effective against the herpes virus and hydroalcoholic extracts of whole fruits have exhibited high activity against the influenza virus. Furthermore, this species appear to have interesting antiviral activity. The fruits of Punica granatum (pomegranate) have been used to treat acidosis, dysentery, microbial infections, diarrhoea, helminthiasis, haemorrhage, and respiratory pathologies. According to Eber's Paprus (one of the oldest medical writings, dated circa 1,500 BC), the plant was used by the Egyptians as a treatment for tapeworm and other parasitic infestations. In the ancient Egyptian culture the pomegranate fruit was regarded as a symbol of prosperity and ambition, making it common practice to decorate sarcophagi with depictions of the plant. has been widely used by traditional medicine in America, Asia, Africa and Europe for the treatment of different types of diseases. In Turkey planting of pomegranates has increase rapidly in recent years and the total production in 2007 exceeded 100,000 tons. The domestication process took place independently in various regions. It is native to Persia and from there it spread into Asia, North Africa and Mediterranean Europe, including Turkey. This fruit is mentioned in the Bible and Koran and is often associated with fertility. The pomegranate, Punica granatum L., is one of the oldest known edible fruits. Keywords: antimicrobial bioactivity anthocyanin phenolics pomegranate Punica granatum L. The results obtained appeared to confirm the antimicrobial potential of the Punica granatum varieties. The MIC values for active pomegranate extracts ranged between 30 and >90 |ig/mL. It has been observed that the pomegranate aril extracts had antimicrobial effect on all microorganisms, giving inhibition zones ranging in size from 13 to 26 mm. Received: 26 March 2009 in revised form: 29 April 2009 / Accepted: /Ībstract: Arils from six pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties grown in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were tested for their antimicrobial properties by the agar diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against seven bacteria: (Bacillus megaterium DSM 32, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 9027, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, Corynebacterium xerosis UC 9165, Escherichia coli DM, Enterococcus faecalis A10, Micrococcus luteus LA 2971), and three fungi (Kluvyeromyces marxianus A230, Rhodotorula rubra MC12, Candida albicans ATCC 1023). ![]() * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed E-mail: Tel.: +577 Fax: +526. Dayisoylu, Nurcan Erbil and Coskunġĝepartment of Food Engineering, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam, 46060, Kahramanmaras, Turkey E-mail: (K.S.D.)Ģĝepartment of Horticulture, University of Gaziosmanpasa, Tasliciftlik, 60240, Tokat, Turkey Email: (M.O.)ģĝepartment of Biology, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam, 46060, Kahramanmaras, Turkey E-mail: (N.E.)Ĥĝepartment of Horticulture, University of Mustafa Kemal, 31040 Antakya, Turkey E-mail: (C.D.) Molecules 2009, 14, 1808-1817 doi:10.3390/molecules14051808Īntimicrobial Activity of Six Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties and Their Relation to Some of Their Pomological and Phytonutrient CharacteristicsĪhmet D. ![]()
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